Python tutorial - #6 (Control statements)

Control Statements

When we write a simple program, generally it executes line by line and this execution are called sequential execution. This type of execution is suitable only for developing simple programs. It is not suitable for developing complex programs. To develop a program which contains complex logic. Then we need to execute statements according to our requirement for this we uses Control statements in which we can control the statements according to our need. 

➠There are types of control statements in

Python:-

a) If... statements

b) If... else.. Statements

c) If...elif....else.. Statements 

d) While loop 

e) For loop

f) Nested loop 

g) Else suit

h) Continue statements 

i) Break statements

j) Pass statements 

k) Assert statements

l) Return statements 

↷If... statements  

Syntax:- if condition:

                Statements

Here, at first the condition is tested if the condition is True then the statements are executes. Otherwise statements are not executes and it start to execute next objects.

In the given syntax observe colon (:). It helps to separate condition and statement body.
Program - #1

↷If...else... statements

Syntax:- if condition:

             statements1

       Else:

             statements2

Here, at first the condition is tested if the condition is True then the statements1 are executes otherwise else statements are executes.
Program - #2

Indentation

Indentation is very important in Python. It refers to the spaces that are used in the beginning of a statement. The statements with same indentation belongs in the same group called suit.

↷If...elif...else… statements

Syntax:- if condition1:

             statement1

      elif: condition2:

             statements2

      elif: condition3:

             statements3

       ............................

       ............................

  Else:

     Statement

Here, At first the condition is tested if the condition is True then the statement1 are executes, If the condition is false then it test the condition2, If the condition2 is True then the statement2 is executes otherwise it tests the next condition and it is continue as same, till the end. If all the condition are False then it executes the else statements. Using else in this control statements are optional but it is better to use this in programs.
Program - #3

↷Loop 

When we need to executes statements more than a time, then we needs to use loop control statements.

a) While loop 

Syntax:-   while condition:

                       Statements

Here, at first the condition is tested, If the condition is True then the statements are executes and again the condition is tested, if the condition is True then again statements are executes and it happens again and again till the condition becomes False. When the condition becomes False then next objects starts to execute.
Program - #4

↷For loop

Syntax:-   for var in sequence name: 

                    Statements

Here, at first single element is taken from sequence and it stored in the var name and then statements are executes. After execution of statements again another element is taken from sequence and executes the statements and it happens again and again till all the elements are taken from sequence.
Program - #5

↷Nested loop

 Loop inside another loop is called nested loop.

➣We can understand this loop by the help of given program.
Program - #6

Here, execution starts from the first loop. So, i contains '0' first, then it executes second loop completely (give output j =0,1,2,3,4,5) and again it executes the first loop and this time i value will be 1 and again it executes the second completely and it happens till the first loop executes completely.

↷Else suit

Syntax:-

➭In While loop

   While condition:

           statement1

   Else:

          statement2
Program - #7

➭In For loop

   For var in sequence name:

          statement1

   Else:

         statement2
Program - #8

Here, in both cases after the execution of loop, else suit must be executes.

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